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URL encoding, officially known as percent-encoding, is a method to encode arbitrary data in a uniform resource identifier (URI) using only the US-ASCII characters legal within a URI. Although it is known as URL encoding , it is also used more generally within the main Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) set, which includes both Uniform Resource ...
The following normalizations are described in RFC 3986 [1] to result in equivalent URIs: . Converting percent-encoded triplets to uppercase. The hexadecimal digits within a percent-encoding triplet of the URI (e.g., %3a versus %3A) are case-insensitive and therefore should be normalized to use uppercase letters for the digits A-F. [2] Example:
A second common application of non-breaking spaces is in plain text file formats such as SGML, HTML, TeX and LaTeX, whose rendering engines are programmed to treat sequences of whitespace characters (space, newline, tab, form feed, etc.) as if they were a single character (but this behavior can be overridden).
A uniform resource locator (URL), colloquially known as an address on the Web, [1] is a reference to a resource that specifies its location on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it. A URL is a specific type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), [ 2 ] [ 3 ] although many people use the two terms interchangeably.
For example, one can replace an ASCII "a" in www.myfictionalbank.com with the Unicode look-alike "α" to give www.myfictionαlbank.com and point that IRI to a malicious site. This is known as an IDN homograph attack.
A URI Template is a way to specify a URI that includes parameters that must be substituted before the URI is resolved. It was standardized by RFC 6570 in March 2012.. The syntax is usually to enclose the parameter in Braces ({example}).
For example, Gmail uses a single URL for almost every interface – mail boxes, individual mails, search results, settings – the fragment is used to make these interfaces directly linkable. [ 21 ] Adobe Flash websites can use the fragment part to inform the user about the state of the website or web application, and to facilitate deep linking ...
URL scheme used by Apple's internal issue-tracking system. Apple (not public) rdar:// issue number example: rdar://10198949. Allows employees to link to internally-tracked issues from anywhere. Example of a private scheme which has leaked in to the public space and is widely seen on the internet, but can only be resolved by Apple employees. s3