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In analytic philosophy and computer science, referential transparency and referential opacity are properties of linguistic constructions, [a] and by extension of languages. A linguistic construction is called referentially transparent when for any expression built from it, replacing a subexpression with another one that denotes the same value [b] does not change the value of the expression.
Referential transparency means that an expression (such as a function call) can be replaced with its value. This requires that the expression is pure , that is to say the expression must be deterministic (always give the same value for the same input) and side-effect free.
A construction—a way in which a singular term or a sentence is included in another singular term or sentence—is either referentially transparent, or referentially opaque; a construction is referentially transparent if it is the case that when the included term or sentence is purely referential, it is also purely referential in the ...
The term is used in philosophical theories of reference, and is to be contrasted with referentially transparent context.In rough outline: Opacity: "Mary believes that Cicero is a great orator" gives rise to an opaque context; although Cicero was also called 'Tully', [2] we can't simply substitute 'Tully' for 'Cicero' in this context ("Mary believes that Tully is a great orator") and guarantee ...
The most significant differences stem from the fact that functional programming avoids side effects, which are used in imperative programming to implement state and I/O. Pure functional programming completely prevents side-effects and provides referential transparency. Higher-order functions are rarely used in older imperative programming.
Reichert’s transparency also has come into question in other ways, with allegations that he has said one thing to the public but then another behind closed doors, according to reporting by The ...
Transparency (pseudo), in X or X11 Window System; Location transparency, independence of location; Order-independent transparency in 3D computer graphics; Referential transparency, replacing subexpressions without changing the value of the expression; Security through transparency, security where all except the key is known
Despite its shiny red exoskeleton and reputation as a bug of the sea, the lobster — though far from the world’s strangest delicacy — has long reigned as an improbable luxury staple.