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Several hundred thousand women served in combat roles, especially in anti-aircraft units. The Soviet Union integrated women directly into their army units; approximately one million served in the Red Army, including about at least 50,000 on the frontlines; Bob Moore noted that "the Soviet Union was the only major power to use women in front-line roles," [2]: 358, 485 The United States, by ...
One of the most notable changes during World War II was the inclusion of many of women in regular military units. In several countries, including the Soviet Union , Nazi Germany , and the United Kingdom in the European Theater , as well as China and Imperial Japan in the Pacific Theater , women served in combat roles, such as anti-aircraft ...
Australian women during World War II played a larger role than they had during The First World War, when they primarily served as nurses and additional homefront workers. Many women wanted to play an active role in the war, and hundreds of voluntary women's auxiliary and paramilitary organisations had been formed by 1940. [ 52 ]
In the 1920s, there were about 150,000 illegitimate births in Germany, before halving during the Great Depression and rebounding to 100,000 in 1935. [10] The Nazis wanted to increase illegitimate births by encouraging out-of-wedlock births, especially those of Aryan parentage.
Officials estimated that women volunteers relieved 12,000 men for combat in World War I by assuming clerical and other duties. During World War II, South Africa had five service organizations for women—the South African Military Nursing Service, and women's auxiliaries attached to the army, the navy, the air force, and the military police.
Australia is one of nineteen countries which includes women in its direct combat forces. [18] During Australia's participation in World War II, the Australian military created a sub-branch of each of its armed forces specifically for females. [19] In 1977, the Royal Australian Air Force was the first Australian service to fully integrate women.
Women's participation in the workforce continued to increase through the period, [6] with some countries seeing 50% of the workforce being made up of women by the end of the communist period. [7] In most countries the right to abortion was codified into law by the end of the 1950s. [8]
The historiography of "ordinary" German women in Nazi Germany has changed significantly over time; studies done just after World War II tended to see them as additional victims of Nazi oppression. However, during the late 20th century, historians began to argue that German women were able to influence the course of the regime and even the war.