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Cerebral softening, also known as encephalomalacia, is a localized softening of the substance of the brain, due to bleeding or inflammation. Three varieties, distinguished by their color and representing different stages of the disease progress, are known respectively as red, yellow, and white softening.
Myelomalacia is a pathological term referring to the softening of the spinal cord. [1] Possible causes of myelomalacia include cervical myelopathy, hemorrhagic infarction, or acute injury, such as that caused by intervertebral disc extrusion.
Porencephaly is an extremely rare cephalic disorder involving encephalomalacia. [1] It is a neurological disorder of the central nervous system characterized by cysts or cavities within the cerebral hemisphere. [2] Porencephaly was termed by Heschl in 1859 to describe a cavity in the human brain. [3]
"Star-gazing" ewe with PEM lateral recumbency and opisthotonos. Polioencephalomalacia (PEM), also referred to as cerebrocortical necrosis (CCN), is a neurological disease seen in ruminants that is caused by multiple factors, one of which is thiamine depletion in the body.
Encephalopathy (/ ɛ n ˌ s ɛ f ə ˈ l ɒ p ə θ i /; from Ancient Greek ἐγκέφαλος (enképhalos) 'brain' and πάθος (páthos) 'suffering') means any disorder or disease of the brain, especially chronic degenerative conditions. [1]
Encephalomyelitis is inflammation of the brain and spinal cord.Various types of encephalomyelitis include: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis or postinfectious encephalomyelitis, a demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord, possibly triggered by viral infection.
Micrograph showing gliosis in the cerebellum. Reactive astrocytes on the left display severe proliferation and domain overlap. Reactive astrogliosis is the most common form of gliosis and involves the proliferation of astrocytes, a type of glial cell responsible for maintaining extracellular ion and neurotransmitter concentrations, modulating synapse function, and forming the blood–brain ...
Malacia is abnormal softening of a biological tissue, most often cartilage.The word is derived from Greek μαλακός, malakos = soft. Usually the combining form-malacia suffixed to another combining form that denotes the affected tissue assigns a more specific name to each such disorder, as follows: