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The population was rising (estimates for Constantinople in the 12th century vary from some 100,000 to 500,000), and towns and cities across the realm flourished. Meanwhile, the volume of money in circulation dramatically increased.
The history of Constantinople covers the period from the Consecration of the city in 330, when Constantinople became the new capital of the Roman Empire, to its conquest by the Ottomans in 1453. Constantinople was rebuilt practically from scratch on the site of Byzantium .
The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 14,377,019 at the end of 2014, hosting 19 percent of the country's population. [6] Then about 97–98% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007 [ 7 ] and 61% in 1980.
The history of the city proper begins around 660 BCE, [10] [34] [d] ... The population of Constantinople was 570,000 by the end of the 18th century. [73]
Constantinople then became the capital of the Ottoman Turks. The population had declined during the medieval period, but as the Ottoman Empire approached its historical peak, the city grew to a population of close to 700,000 in the 16th century, [17] once again ranking among the world's most
Bulgaria – The population of the territories forming modern Bulgaria grew from around 1.1 million in the year 700 to 2.6 million in 1365. [16] Constantinople – In 1203 the population of Constantinople stood 400,000 [17] to 500,000; when the Byzantines reclaimed the city in 1261 there were only about 35,000 inhabitants left. [18]
Map of Constantinople and the dispositions of the defenders and the besiegers. The army defending Constantinople was relatively small, totalling about 7,000 men, 2,000 of whom were foreigners. [note 4] The population decline also had a huge impact upon the Constantinople's defense capabilities. At the end of March 1453, emperor Constantine XI ...
This article lists the largest human settlements in the world (by population) over time, as estimated by historians, from 7000 BC when the largest human settlement was a proto-city in the ancient Near East with a population of about 1,000–2,000 people, to the year 2000 when the largest human settlement was Tokyo with 26 million.