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A taxis (from Ancient Greek τάξις (táxis) 'arrangement, order'; [1] pl.: taxes / ˈ t æ k s iː z /) [2] [3] [4] is the movement of an organism in response to a stimulus such as light or the presence of food. Taxes are innate behavioural responses.
The lipid globules contain a complex mixture of carotenoid pigments, which provide the screening function and the orange-red colour, [40] as well as proteins that stabilize the globules. [41] The stigma is located laterally, in a fixed plane relative to the cilia, but not directly adjacent to the basal bodies.
Chemotaxis (from chemo-+ taxis) is the movement of an organism or entity in response to a chemical stimulus. [1] Somatic cells , bacteria , and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment.
In cellular biology, haptotaxis (from Greek ἅπτω (hapto) 'touch, fasten' and τάξις (taxis) 'arrangement, order') is the directional motility or outgrowth of cells, e.g. in the case of axonal outgrowth, usually up a gradient of cellular adhesion sites or substrate-bound chemoattractants (the gradient of the chemoattractant being expressed or bound on a surface, in contrast to the ...
At the top level are all alpha proteins (domains consisting of alpha helices), all beta proteins (domains consisting of beta sheets), and mixed alpha helix/beta sheet proteins. While most proteins adopt a single stable fold, a few proteins can rapidly interconvert between one or more folds. These are referred to as metamorphic proteins. [5]
"Fixed action pattern" is an ethological term describing an instinctive behavioral sequence that is highly stereotyped and species-characteristic. [1] Fixed action patterns are said to be produced by the innate releasing mechanism, a "hard-wired" neural network, in response to a sign/key stimulus or releaser.
Protein–protein interactions regulate enzymatic activity, control progression through the cell cycle, and allow the assembly of large protein complexes that carry out many closely related reactions with a common biological function. Proteins can bind to, or be integrated into, cell membranes.
The large G proteins, for example, are involved in transduction of signaling from the G protein-coupled receptor for a variety of signaling processes like hormonal signaling, [2] and small G proteins are involved in processes like cellular trafficking and cell cycling. [3] GAP's role in this function is to turn the G protein's activity off.