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A high pressure region will attract air from the surrounding area, which will move towards the center and sink, spawning a downdraft. Updrafts and downdrafts, along with wind shear in general, are a major contributor to airplane crashes during takeoff and landing in a thunderstorm.
The 90 degree V8 with downdraft carburetors was certified under Aircraft Type Certificate No. 224 on 10 October 1939 after 150hrs of testing. The engine was developed in 1939 as a lightweight air-cooled variant of the side-valve Ford engine for aircraft using the Ford crankshaft, connecting rods and pistons.
After 1938, high performance aircraft engines were equipped with floatless pressure carburetors, especially those used in combat aircraft. The floatless pressure carburetor was the progenitor of today's single-port fuel injection, and was a big step forward in fuel delivery technology.
Aeroflot Flight B-608 was a scheduled flight from Irkutsk to Bratsk, that crashed when it suffered a microburst, leading the aircraft to nosedive and crash near the airport, killing the 18 occupants onboard the Yakovlev Yak-40.
USAir Flight 1016 was a regularly scheduled flight in the southeastern United States, between Columbia, South Carolina, and Charlotte, North Carolina. [1]: 1 On July 2, 1994, the flight encountered heavy thunderstorms and microburst-induced windshear while attempting to land, and crashed into heavy trees and a private residence near the airport.
A downburst is an extremely violent downdraft of high energy that covers a relatively small area. It is often associated with thunderstorms, but can also occur without them. An aircraft caught in the downdraft can descend up to 20–30 metres per second, with severe consequences on take-off or landing.
The aircraft involved was an ATR 72-212 with MSN 391. It was registered EP-ATS and was delivered to Iran Aseman Airlines in 1993. No serious incidents were reported during the aircraft's service with the airline. [6] [7] At the time of the accident, Iran Aseman had six ATR aircraft in its fleet, three of which were in operation. [8]
According to Civil Aviation Authority investigators, a downdraft carried the aircraft below the level of the crests of the range, where under the very poor weather conditions prevailing at the time, the aircraft encountered an area of extreme turbulence from which it was impossible for the crew to recover altitude. On the day of the crash ...