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While venous thrombosis of the legs is the most common form, venous thrombosis may occur in other veins. These may have particular specific risk factors: [5] Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, cavernous sinus thrombosis and jugular vein thrombosis: thrombosis of the veins of the brain and head
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is more common in particular situations. 85% of people have at least one of these risk factors: [3] Thrombophilia, a tendency to develop blood clots due to abnormalities in coagulation, e.g. factor V Leiden , deficiency of protein C , protein S or antithrombin , or related problems
Studies of the pathophysiologic mechanisms for the increased risk of Venous thrombosis embolism or VTE after long-distance travel have not produced consistent results, but venous stasis appears to play a major role; other factors specific to air travel may increase coagulation activation, particularly in passengers with individual risk factors ...
Various risk factors contribute to VTE, including genetic and environmental factors, though many with multiple risk factors never develop it. [57] [58] Acquired risk factors include the strong risk factor of older age, [5] which alters blood composition to favor clotting. [59] Previous VTE, particularly unprovoked VTE, is a strong risk factor. [60]
Mitral stenosis poses a high risk of forming emboli which may travel to the brain and cause stroke. [2] Endocarditis increases the risk for thromboembolism, [2] by a mixture of the factors above. Atherosclerosis in the aorta and other large blood vessels is a common risk factor, [2] both for thromboembolism and cholesterol embolism.
In general, men are more likely than women to experience repeated episodes of venous thrombosis. [5] People with factor V Leiden are at a relatively low risk of thrombosis, but may develop thrombosis in the presence of an additional risk factor, such as immobilization. Most people with the prothrombin mutation (G20210A) never develop thrombosis ...
Decreased (antigen) levels or impaired function of protein S leads to decreased degradation of factor Va and factor VIIIa and an increased propensity to venous thrombosis. Some risk factors for deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism in patients with protein S deficiency include pregnancy, older age, hormonal therapy, consumption of birth ...
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the formation of a blood clot within a deep vein. It most commonly affects leg veins, such as the femoral vein. Three factors are important in the formation of a blood clot within a deep vein—these are: the rate of blood flow, the thickness of the blood and; qualities of the vessel wall.