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The King James clock was known as the Eltham Perpetuum, and was famous throughout Europe. It is mentioned in two works of Ben Jonson. Clocks powered by atmospheric pressure and temperature changes were subsequently developed by Pierre de Rivaz in 1740, [3] and by James Cox and John Joseph Merlin (Cox's timepiece) in the 1760s.
Atomic clocks are installed at sites of time signal radio transmitters. [113] They are used at some long-wave and medium-wave broadcasting stations to deliver a very precise carrier frequency. [114] Atomic clocks are used in many scientific disciplines, such as for long-baseline interferometry in radio astronomy. [115]
List of UTC timing centers is a list of over 70 recognized maintainers of atomic clocks around the world from which UTC is calculated. [1] Below are links to some of the more notable time centers which contribute to the calculation of UTC.
A modern LF radio-controlled clock. A radio clock or radio-controlled clock (RCC), and often colloquially (and incorrectly [1]) referred to as an "atomic clock", is a type of quartz clock or watch that is automatically synchronized to a time code transmitted by a radio transmitter connected to a time standard such as an atomic clock.
NIST-F1 is a cesium fountain clock, a type of atomic clock, in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Boulder, Colorado, and serves as the United States' primary time and frequency standard. The clock took fewer than four years to test and build, and was developed by Steve Jefferts and Dawn Meekhof of the Time and ...
The caesium atomic clock maintained by NIST is accurate to 30 billionths of a second per year. [206] Atomic clocks have employed other elements, such as hydrogen and rubidium vapor, offering greater stability (in the case of hydrogen clocks) and smaller size, lower power consumption, and thus lower cost (in the case of rubidium clocks). [206]