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Translocation can be an effective management strategy and important topic in conservation biology, but despite their popularity, translocations are a high‐cost endeavor with a history of failures. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It may decrease the risk of extinction by increasing the range of a species, augmenting the numbers in a critical population, or ...
Nonreciprocal translocation, transfer of genes from one chromosome to another; PEP group translocation, a method used by bacteria for sugar uptake; Twin-arginine translocation pathway, a protein export pathway found in plants, bacteria, and archaea; Translocation (botany), transport of nutrients through phloem
This transport process is called translocation. [2] In trees, the phloem is the innermost layer of the bark, hence the name, derived from the Ancient Greek word φλοιός (phloiós), meaning "bark". [3] [4] The term was introduced by Carl Nägeli in 1858. [5] [6] Different types of phloem can be distinguished. The early phloem formed in the ...
The translocon (also known as a translocator or translocation channel) is a complex of proteins associated with the translocation of polypeptides across membranes. [1] In eukaryotes the term translocon most commonly refers to the complex that transports nascent polypeptides with a targeting signal sequence into the interior (cisternal or lumenal) space of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) from ...
Chromosomal reciprocal translocation of the 4th and 20th chromosome. In genetics, chromosome translocation is a phenomenon that results in unusual rearrangement of chromosomes. This includes balanced and unbalanced translocation, with two main types: reciprocal, and Robertsonian translocation.
The transferred DNA (called T-DNA) is piloted to the plant cell nucleus by nuclear localization signals present in the Agrobacterium protein VirD2, which is covalently attached to the end of the T-DNA at the Right border (RB). Exactly how the T-DNA is integrated into the host plant genomic DNA is an active area of plant biology research.
A growing and changing human population plays an important part on what plants are moved to new locations and which are left untouched. [ 2 ] There have been examples of biological globalization dating back to 3000 BCE, [ 3 ] but the most famous example is more recent, namely the Columbian Exchange . [ 1 ]
A karyotype is the general appearance of the complete set of chromosomes in the cells of a species or in an individual organism, mainly including their sizes, numbers, and shapes.