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As early as 1913, a number of US states had laws in effect concerning marriage and venereal disease, though many targeted only the husband and not the wife. For example, in Alabama, North Dakota, Oregon and Wisconsin, male applicants for a marriage license were required to submit a medical certificate stating that they were free of venereal ...
A medical examination was required, and if it revealed an STD, this discovery could constitute proof of prostitution. The purpose of this law was to prevent the spread of venereal diseases among U.S. soldiers. [3] During World War I, the American Plan authorized the military to arrest any woman within five miles of a military cantonment.
Signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on May 24, 1938 La Follette–Bulwinkle Act or Venereal Diseases Control and Prevention Act of 1938 sanctioned federal assistance to U.S. states establishing preventive healthcare for venereal diseases .
A study done in 2003 found that 90% of Pennsylvania medical students had done pelvic exams on anesthetized patients during their gynecology rotation. [5] One medical student described performing them "for 3 weeks, four to five times a day, I was asked to, and did, perform pelvic examinations on anesthetized women, without specific consent, solely for the purpose of my education."
A pelvic examination is the physical examination of the external and internal female pelvic organs. [1] It is frequently used in gynecology for the evaluation of symptoms affecting the female reproductive and urinary tract, such as pain, bleeding, discharge, urinary incontinence, or trauma (e.g. sexual assault).
These measures were justified by medical and military officials as the most effective means to shield men from venereal disease. However, no provision was made for the physical examination of prostitutes' male clientele, which became one of the many points of contention in a campaign to repeal the Acts.
This examination is useful for identifying clinical signs of medical conditions, such as infection, [14] presence of a mass, [15] or structural abnormality. [15] "Regular performance of this examination is crucial in early detection and management of gynecological conditions, which can significantly enhance treatment outcomes."
Medical confidentiality is an important part of the medical ethics of a doctor–patient relationship. Sexual health clinics follow local standards of medical confidentiality to protect the privacy of patients. Some clinics provide anonymous services or protect confidentiality by having a patient use a number or a pseudonym. [9]