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Severe weather can occur under a variety of situations, but three characteristics are generally needed: a temperature or moisture boundary, moisture, and (in the event of severe, precipitation-based events) instability in the atmosphere.
On Earth, most weather phenomena occur in the lowest layer of the planet's atmosphere, the troposphere, [2] [3] just below the stratosphere. Weather refers to day-to-day temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions, whereas climate is the term for the averaging of atmospheric conditions over longer periods of time. [4]
The list of weather records includes the most extreme occurrences of weather phenomena for various categories. Many weather records are measured under specific conditions—such as surface temperature and wind speed—to keep consistency among measurements around the Earth.
Severe weather is any dangerous meteorological phenomenon with the potential to cause damage, serious social disruption, or loss of human life. [1] [2] [3] These vary depending on the latitude, altitude, topography, and atmospheric conditions.
Extreme weather includes unexpected, unusual, severe, or unseasonal weather; weather at the extremes of the historical distribution—the range that has been seen in the past. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Extreme events are based on a location's recorded weather history.
Stronger surface lows also produce windier conditions. You'll often see multiple circular lines surrounding a surface low on weather maps, as shown above. These are lines of equal pressure called ...
List of severe weather phenomena; List of major snow and ice events in the United States; Snow in Florida; Snow in Louisiana; List of Storm Prediction Center extremely critical days; List of storms on the Great Lakes; List of locations with a subtropical climate; List of cities by sunshine duration
The National Weather Service operates 122 weather forecast offices. [1] [2] Each weather forecast office (WFO or NWSFO) has a geographic area of responsibility, also known as a county warning area, for issuing local public, marine, aviation, fire, and hydrology forecasts. They also issue severe weather warnings, gather weather observations, and ...