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By 2004, most Taliban leaders in Afghanistan had fled back to Pakistan, where the remnants of the Taliban were hiding. Malkasian argues that the US provided significant momentum to the Taliban by its own missteps, especially by focusing on aggressive counter-terrorism and vengeance for 9/11.
The Taliban released a video days after the elections, filming on the road between Kabul and Kandahar, stopping vehicles and asking to see their fingers. The video went showed ten men who had voted, listening to a Taliban militant. The Taliban pardoned the voters because of Ramadan. [200] The Taliban attacked towns with rockets and other ...
In July 2000, the Taliban leader, Mullah Omar, argued that opium was against Islam and banned its cultivation. The Taliban edict, with the threat of jail for elders and mullahs who allowed its cultivation, resulted in a 90% reduction in opium cultivation between 2000 and 2001.
Ahmad Zia Massoud (left), the brother of anti-Taliban leader Ahmad Shah Massoud. Dostum and his forces were defeated by the Taliban in 1998. Dostum subsequently went into exile. Massoud became the only leader to remain in Afghanistan and who was able to defend vast parts of his area against the Taliban.
The US government rejected amnesty for Umar or any Taliban leaders. [203] On 7 December, Sherzai's forces seized Kandahar airport and moved into the city. [198] Umar departed Kandahar and disappeared; he may have gone to Zabul, Helmand, or Pakistan. [204] Other Taliban leaders fled to Pakistan through the remote passes of Paktia and Paktika. [204]
The territorial control of the Taliban (red) and the Northern Alliance (blue) in Afghanistan in 1996. Ahmad Shah Massoud (for the United Front and the Islamic State of Afghanistan), Mullah Mohammad Omar (for the Taliban) and Osama bin Laden together with Ayman al-Zawahiri (for Al-Qaeda and different Arab interests) were the main leaders of the war residing in Afghanistan.
Fall of Kabul; Part of the 2021 Taliban offensive of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) and the war on terror: Clockwise from top left: Afghans fleeing Kabul Airport aboard a US Boeing C-17 Globemaster III, US Marines assisting at an evacuation checkpoint at Hamid Karzai International Airport, coalition soldiers assist a child during the evacuation, armed Taliban fighters in Kabul, Taliban ...
Coupled with the fall of Mazar-i-Sharif five days earlier, the capture of Kabul was a significant blow to Taliban control of Afghanistan. As a result of all the losses, surviving members of the Taliban and al-Qaeda, including Osama bin Laden, [1] retreated toward Kandahar, the spiritual birthplace and home of the Taliban movement, and Tora Bora ...