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Cross section through the wall of a hysterectomy specimen of a 30-year-old woman who reported chronic pelvic pain and abnormal uterine bleeding. The endometrial surface is at the top of the image, and the serosa is at the bottom. Misplaced endometrial tissue proliferation in the myometrium causes symptoms through different mechanisms. [6]
Vaginal bleeding or spotting in women after menopause occurs in 90% of endometrial cancer. [2] [13] [14] Bleeding is especially common with adenocarcinoma, occurring in two-thirds of all cases. [2] [10] Abnormal menstrual cycles or extremely long, heavy, or frequent episodes of bleeding in women before menopause may also be a sign of ...
Abnormal bleeding, including postmenopausal bleeding, is the major red flag symptom for endometrial cancer. Other symptoms can include pelvic pain or heaviness and losing weight without trying ...
It is an uncommon form of endometrial cancer that typically arises in postmenopausal women. It is typically diagnosed on endometrial biopsy, prompted by post-menopausal bleeding. Unlike the more common low-grade endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma, uterine serous carcinoma does not develop from endometrial hyperplasia and is not hormone ...
Thin endometrium may be defined as an endometrial thickness of less than 8 mm. It usually occurs after menopause. Treatments that can improve endometrial thickness include Vitamin E, L-arginine and sildenafil citrate. [17] Gene expression profiling using cDNA microarray can be used for the diagnosis of endometrial disorders. [18]
Endometrial polyps can be solitary or occur with others. [11] They are round or oval and measure between a few millimeters and several centimeters in diameter. [ 7 ] [ 11 ] They are usually the same red/brown color of the surrounding endometrium although large ones can appear to be a darker red. [ 7 ]
Uterine clear-cell carcinoma (CC) is a rare form of endometrial cancer with distinct morphological features on pathology; it is aggressive and has high recurrence rate. Like uterine papillary serous carcinoma CC does not develop from endometrial hyperplasia and is not hormone sensitive, rather it arises from an atrophic endometrium.
Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) is a premalignant lesion of the uterine lining that predisposes to endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma. It is composed of a collection of abnormal endometrial cells, arising from the glands that line the uterus , which have a tendency over time to progress to the most common form of uterine cancer ...