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Civilian Public Service (CPS) provided conscientious objectors in the United States an alternative to military service during World War II. From 1941 to 1947 nearly 12,000 draftees, [ 7 ] : 452 unwilling to do any type of military service, performed work of national importance in 152 CPS camps throughout the United States and Puerto Rico.
Civilian Public Service firefighting crew at Snowline Camp near Camino, California, 1945. The Civilian Public Service (CPS) was a program of the United States government that provided conscientious objectors with an alternative to military service during World War II.
Conscientious objector separated from work of national importance by issuance of a Certificate of Release. Nov 4, 1944: Mar 31, 1947: IV-E-H Conscientious objector, deferred by reason of being 28 and over. Aug 31, 1941: Nov 19, 1942: IV-E (H) Conscientious objector, available for or assigned to civilian work of national importance, age 38 to 44 ...
A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" [1] on the grounds of freedom of conscience or religion. [2] The term has also been extended to objecting to working for the military–industrial complex due to a crisis of conscience. [3]
The Patapsco Camp or the CPS Camp No. 3 was a Civilian Public Service camp established during World War II for conscientious objectors. Located at the Patapsco Valley State Park near Baltimore, the site was the first Civilian Public Service camp for conscientious objectors in the United States.
In all, nearly 12,000 World War II COs would be handled by NSBRO. The program for conscientious objectors, Civilian Public Service (CPS), was under civilian control with NSBRO responsible for working with the government and representing the interests of the churches and other groups involved. The work of NSBRO was divided into three sections.
Dozens of teachers, students and labor leaders marched to a Miami school district headquarters Wednesday to protest Florida’s new standards for teaching Black history, which have come under ...
The Non-Combatant Corps (NCC) was a corps of the British Army composed of conscientious objectors as privates, with NCOs and officers seconded from other corps or regiments. . Its members fulfilled various non-combatant roles in the army during the First World War, the Second World War and the period of conscription after the Second World