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Origen of Alexandria [a] (c. 185 – c. 253), [4] also known as Origen Adamantius, [b] was an early Christian scholar, [7] ascetic, [8] and theologian who was born and spent the first half of his career in Alexandria.
The study of the Church Fathers is known as patristics. Works of fathers in early Christianity, prior to Nicene Christianity, were translated into English in a 19th-century collection Ante-Nicene Fathers. Those of the First Council of Nicaea and continuing through the Second Council of Nicea (787) are collected in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers.
[2] [13] The Christian church established incarnation and resurrection as its first doctrines, [14] with baptism and the celebration of the Eucharist meal (Jesus's Last Supper) as its two primary rites and rituals. [15] [16] The first Christian communities were predominantly Jewish.
Tertullian, church father, apologist, first Christian writer in Latin, later a Montanist 197~230; Hippolytus, church father, sometimes termed the first Antipope, reconciled with the church and died a martyr 217~236; Cyprian, bishop of Carthage, martyr 218~258; Clement of Alexandria, church father, Bishop of Alexandria ~220
The Church Fathers are the early and influential Christian theologians and writers, particularly those of the first five centuries of Christian history. The earliest Church Fathers, within two generations of the Twelve Apostles of Christ, are usually called Apostolic Fathers for reportedly knowing and studying under the apostles personally.
The following is a list of Christian Church Fathers. Roman Catholics generally regard the Patristic period to have ended with the death of John of Damascus in 749. [citation needed] However, Orthodox Christians believe that the Patristic period is ongoing.
Eusebius is identified as the earliest to document the history of Christian literature. According to his 4th century book Ecclesiastical History, states his intention to report on those who were ambassadors of the word of God by speech or by pen, listing their names, numbers, and ages. Thus, his work is a crucial source of Patrology, especially ...
Ferdinand Christian Baur applied Hegelian philosophy to church history and described a 2nd-century Christian community fabricating the gospels. Adolf Harnack was the leading expert in patristics, or the study of the Church Fathers , whose writings defined early Christian practice and doctrine.