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The Preamble of the Constitution of India – India declaring itself as a country. The Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties are sections of the Constitution of India that prescribe the fundamental obligations of the states to its citizens and the duties and the rights of the citizens to the State. These sections are considered vital elements of the ...
The right to travel abroad is also covered under "personal liberty" in Article 21. [57] In 2002, through the 86th Amendment Act, Article 21A was incorporated. It made the right to primary education part of the right to freedom, stating that the state would provide free and compulsory education to children from six to fourteen years of age. [37]
Clause 1 of the Article prohibits the State from discriminating against citizens on five protected grounds. Within three years of the adoption of the Constitution, the Supreme Court used Article 15 to invalidate a State law which provided for elections which had separate electorates for members of different religious communities.
When consumers file a case, the court primarily looks to see if they can prove the exploitation through evidence such as bills or purchase memos. In cases where no such evidence is presented, courts rarely rule in favor of the plaintiff. The court mostly decides its verdict based on the violations of consumer rights (if any). The point of ...
[26] [27] Again in 2022, a new controversy started when both CBSE and NCERT removed topics regarding Islamic Empires in the class 12 history textbook and chapters like “Challenges to Democracy” in the class 10 political science subject and many others, saying it is necessary to reduce syllabus to reduce examination pressure on students by ...
The right to interstate travel [15] The right to parent one's children [16] The right to privacy [17] The right to marriage [18] Any restrictions a government statute or policy places on these rights are evaluated with strict scrutiny. If a right is denied to everyone, it is an issue of substantive due process.
The Bill, as passed by the Lok Sabha, was passed by the Rajya Sabha on 10 January 2019 with 165 votes in favour and 7 against. [8] [9] The Bill received assent from President Ram Nath Kovind on 12 January 2019. It was notified in The Gazette of India on the same date. [10] The 103rd Amendment came into effect on 14 January 2019. [11]
Jago Grahak Jago (transl. Wake up Customer Wake up) is a consumer awareness program launched in 2005 by the Ministry of Consumer-Government of India.Under this scheme, various channels were created to spread awareness about consumer rights and to put an end to malpractices by merchants.