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Henry II [nb 2] (() 5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189) was King of England from 1154 until his death in 1189. During his reign he controlled England, substantial parts of Wales and Ireland, and much of France (including Normandy, Anjou, and Aquitaine), an area that altogether was later called the Angevin Empire, and also held power over Scotland and the Duchy of Brittany.
The Becket controversy or Becket dispute was the quarrel between Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Becket and King Henry II of England from 1163 to 1170. [1] The controversy culminated with Becket's murder in 1170, [2] and was followed by Becket's canonization in 1173 and Henry's public penance at Canterbury in July 1174.
14th-century depiction of King Henry II of England with Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Becket "Will no one rid me of this turbulent priest?" (spoken aloud ⓘ; also expressed as "troublesome priest" or "meddlesome priest") is a quote attributed to Henry II of England preceding the death of Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1170.
He later reconciled to Henry in 1174 when he participated in the truce at Gisors. [c] [d] Geoffrey prominently figured in the second revolt of 1183, fighting against Richard, on behalf of Henry the Young King. Geoffrey was a good friend of Louis VII's son Philip, and the two men were
Henry the Young King (28 February 1155 – 11 June 1183) was the eldest son of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine to survive childhood. In 1170, he became titular King of England , Duke of Normandy , Count of Anjou and Maine .
King Henry II. King Henry II had been ruling England, Normandy, and Anjou since 1154, while his wife Queen Eleanor ruled the vast territory of Aquitaine since 1137. In 1173 Henry had four legitimate sons (from oldest to youngest): Henry, called the "Young King", Richard (later called "the Lionheart"), Geoffrey, and John ("Lackland"), all of whom stood to inherit some or all of these possessions.
Henry was born in Winchester Castle on 1 October 1207. [3] He was the eldest son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême. [4] Little is known of Henry's early life. [5] He was initially looked after by a wet nurse called Ellen in the south of England, away from John's itinerant court, and probably had close ties to his mother. [6]
He was the third of four sons born to William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders, the eldest being Robert Curthose, the second Richard, and the youngest Henry. Richard died around 1075 while hunting in the New Forest. William succeeded to the throne of England on his father's death in 1087, but Robert inherited Normandy. [6]