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The place type in the list for Scotland records all inhabited areas as City. According to British government definitions, there are only eight Scottish cities; [1] they are Aberdeen, Dundee, Dunfermline, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Inverness, Perth and Stirling.
In New Zealand, the southern regions of Otago and Southland were settled by the Free Church of Scotland. Many of the place names in these two regions (such as the main cities of Dunedin and Invercargill and the major river, the Clutha) have Scottish Gaelic names, [78] and Celtic culture is still prominent in this area. [79] [80] [81]
Invercargill has the appearance of a Scottish name, since it combines the Scottish prefix "Inver" (Inbhir), meaning a river's mouth, with "Cargill", the name of a leading early settler, who was born in Scotland. Invercargill's main streets are named after Scottish rivers (Dee, Tay, Spey, Esk, Don, Doon, Clyde, etc.), and many places in Dunedin ...
Place names that directly reference the Irish include Irby, Irby upon Humber, Ireby and Ireleth. Place names with Scot-or similar, such as Scothern in Lincolnshire or Scotton in the North Riding of Yorkshire, may refer to Gaelic speakers from Scotland or Ireland, since Old English Scottas originally had connotations of Irish Gaels.
Place names in Scotland that contain the element BAL- from the Scottish Gaelic 'baile' meaning home, farmstead, town or city. This data gives some indication of the extent of medieval Gaelic settlement in Scotland. The Scots Gaels derive from the kingdom of Dál Riata, which included parts of western Scotland and northern Ireland.
The Gaelic name refers to the mountain; the English name comes from an adjacent loch. River Forth: An Abhainn Dubh Gaelic name means "The Black River". Rothesay: Baile Bhòid Gaelic name means "town of Bute". South Queensferry: Cas Chaolais "Caschillis" is an old form. A translation of the English name is sometimes used. St Kilda: Hiort
This article lists a number of common generic forms in place names in the British Isles, their meanings and some examples of their use. The study of place names is called toponymy ; for a more detailed examination of this subject in relation to British and Irish place names, refer to Toponymy in the United Kingdom and Ireland .
Following is a list of placenames of Scottish origin which have subsequently been applied to parts of the United States by Scottish emigrants or explorers. There are some common suffixes. Brae in Scottish means "hillside" or "river-bank".