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Collision theory is a principle of chemistry used to predict the rates of chemical reactions. It states that when suitable particles of the reactant hit each other with the correct orientation, only a certain amount of collisions result in a perceptible or notable change; these successful changes are called successful collisions.
In an elastic collision these magnitudes do not change. The directions may change depending on the shapes of the bodies and the point of impact. For example, in the case of spheres the angle depends on the distance between the (parallel) paths of the centers of the two bodies.
An example of such a collision is a car crash, as cars crumple inward when crashing, rather than bouncing off of each other. This is by design , for the safety of the occupants and bystanders should a crash occur - the frame of the car absorbs the energy of the crash instead.
The steric factor, usually denoted ρ, [1] is a quantity used in collision theory.. Also called the probability factor, the steric factor is defined as the ratio between the experimental value of the rate constant and the one predicted by collision theory.
The restricted three-body problem is easier to analyze theoretically than the full problem. It is of practical interest as well since it accurately describes many real-world problems, the most important example being the Earth–Moon–Sun system.
The COR is a property of a pair of objects in a collision, not a single object. If a given object collides with two different objects, each collision has its own COR. When a single object is described as having a given coefficient of restitution, as if it were an intrinsic property without reference to a second object, some assumptions have been made – for example that the collision is with ...
The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration is indefinitely restricting helicopter flights near Washington Reagan National Airport after a deadly collision between an American Airlines regional jet ...
The classic example of such a system is a fluid with temperature gradients in space causing heat to flow from hotter regions to colder ones, by the random but biased transport of the particles making up that fluid. In the modern literature the term Boltzmann equation is often used in a more general sense, referring to any kinetic equation that ...