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The amygdala, cerebellum, and many other brain regions have been implicated in autism. [15]Unlike some brain disorders which have clear molecular hallmarks that can be observed in every affected individual, such as Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease, autism does not have a unifying mechanism at the molecular, cellular, or systems level.
The theory of the double empathy problem is a psychological and sociological theory first coined in 2012 by Damian Milton, an autistic autism researcher. [2] This theory proposes that many of the difficulties autistic individuals face when socializing with non-autistic individuals are due, in part, to a lack of mutual understanding between the two groups, meaning that most autistic people ...
Most developmental fMRI research uses cross-sectional sections, examining differences and similarities between children, adolescents, and adults. Although, the use of a cross-sectional study is limited in its ability to provide information about how brain function matures within a population.
A 2006 review questioned the common assumption that most children with autism have an intellectual disability. [56] It is possible that the association between an intellectual disability and autism is not because they usually have common causes, but because the presence of both makes it more likely that both will be diagnosed.
A 2015 systematic review and meta-analysis found that children with a family history of autoimmune diseases were at a greater risk of autism compared to children without such a history. [ 108 ] When an underlying maternal autoimmune disease is present, antibodies circulating to the fetus could contribute to the development of autism spectrum ...
Molecular Autism is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal covering research on the cause, biology, and treatment of autism and related neurodevelopmental disorders. The journal was established in 2010 and is published by BioMed Central .
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders is a peer-reviewed medical journal published monthly by Elsevier. It covers applied topics pertaining to autism spectrum disorders. Since the spring of 2023, the editor-in-chief is David Beversdorf (University of Missouri). According to the Journal Citation Reports, in 2012 the journal had an impact factor ...
The following chapters investigate the biological background of autism and how historically it was claimed to be either the result of direct brain damage or poor parenting and how the practice of diagnostic classification, or nosology, negatively impacted the understanding of children with autism and others on the spectrum.