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The Columbia River Basalt Group (including the Steen and Picture Gorge basalts) extends over portions of four states. The Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) is the youngest, smallest and one of the best-preserved continental flood basalt provinces on Earth, covering over 210,000 km 2 (81,000 sq mi) mainly eastern Oregon and Washington, western Idaho, and part of northern Nevada. [1]
The subsidence of the crust produced a large, slightly depressed lava plateau. [2] The ancient Columbia River was forced into its present course by the northwesterly advancing lava. The lava, as it flowed over the area, first filled the stream valleys, forming dams that in turn caused impoundments or lakes. [2]
Columbia River Basin. Wallula Gap (/ w ə ˈ l uː l ə /) is a large water gap of the Columbia River in the Northwestern United States, in Southeastern Washington.It cuts through the Horse Heaven Hills basalt anticlines in the Columbia River Basin, just south of the confluence of the Walla Walla and Columbia rivers.
The Ringold Formation represents sand and gravel placed by the Columbia River between 9 and 3 million years ago. These deposits overlay cooled lava erupted as part of the Columbia River Basalt Group, a type of volcanic eruption known as flood basalts erupting from fissures across eastern Washington and Oregon that were unrelated to the Cascade Range. [11]
The topography here is dominated by geologically young lava flows that inundated the countryside with amazing speed, all within the last 17 million years. [8] Over 170,000 km 3 (41,000 cu mi) of basaltic lava, known as the Columbia River Basalt Group, covers the western part of the province. These tremendous flows erupted between 17–6 million ...
Crown Point is one of the scenic lookouts along the Historic Columbia River Highway, providing a panoramic view of part of the Columbia River. It stands 733 feet (223 m) above the river and is the remains of a lava flow that filled the ancestral channel of the Columbia River 14 to 17 million years ago.
The Columbia River (Upper Chinook: Wimahl or Wimal; Sahaptin: Nch’i-Wàna or Nchi wana; Sinixt dialect swah'netk'qhu) is the largest river in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. [14] The river forms in the Rocky Mountains of British Columbia, Canada.
The lava plains of the Columbia River Basin are among the most extensive volcanic outpourings in the world. They cover over 210,000 square kilometres (81,000 sq mi) [ 2 ] in southeastern Washington, eastern Oregon, and southwestern Idaho, and are known to be 4,000 feet (1,200 m) deep in some river gorges.