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The Government of the Republic of the Rif was established on 18 September 1921 when the Riffian Tribes, led by Abd el-Krim, beat Spain in the Battle of Annual during the Rif War and created the Confederal Republic of the Tribes of the Rif. The Republic of the Rif is considered the first-ever independent non-monarchical modern Amazigh state.
France's general approach to governing the protectorate of Morocco was a policy of indirect rule, where they co-opted existing governance systems to control the protectorate. [5] Specifically, the Moroccan elite and the sultans of Morocco were both left in control while being strongly influenced by the French government. [5]
The Battle of Annual was fought on 22 July 1921 at Annual, in northeastern Morocco, between the Spanish Army and Rifian Berbers during the Rif War.The Spanish suffered a major military defeat, which is almost always referred to by the Spanish as the Disaster of Annual (Spanish: Desastre de Annual) which is widely considered to be the worst defeat suffered by the modern Spanish Army.
The Rif region has a long-standing history of rebellion against government control and distrust towards Moroccan central authorities.. In the summer of 1921, Rif tribal fighters, defeated the Spanish army who attempted to take control over the region, killing more than 10,000 of their troops at the Battle of Anual, representing the largest lost suffered in a single day by any colonial force in ...
Khirbet al-Sawda (Arabic: خربة السودا) is a Syrian village in the Beit Jinn sub-district of Qatana District, in the Rif Dimashq Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Khirbet al-Sawda had a population of 124 at the 2004 census. [1] Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze. [2]