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Kang Youwei (Chinese: 康有為; Cantonese: Hōng Yáuh-wàih; 19 March 1858 – 31 March 1927) was a political thinker and reformer in China of the late Qing dynasty. His increasing closeness to and influence over the young Guangxu Emperor sparked conflict between the emperor and his adoptive mother, the regent Empress Dowager Cixi .
A Study of Confucius as a Reformer of Institutions [2] or On Confucius as a Reformer [3] (Chinese: 孔子改制考), also translated as A Study of Kongzi as a Reformer, [4] A Study of Confucius as Reformist, [5] is a book written by Kang Youwei that preaches the idea of "changing the institutions based on the teachings of the old times" (托古改制). [6]
Kang wrote the book to attack conservative political opponents in the Qing dynasty and support the case for reforms. The Old Text School was the orthodox Confucian interpretation in government, and used by conservatives to justify resistance to reforms. [1] Kang was accused of misrepresenting the Old Text School, and plagiarizing Liao Ping. [5]
Liang Qichao was born in a small village in Xinhui, Guangdong Province on February 23, 1873. Liang's father, Liang Baoying (梁寶瑛, Cantonese: Lèuhng Bóu-yīng; courtesy name Lianjian 蓮澗; Cantonese: Lìhn-gaan), was a farmer and local scholar, but had a classical background that emphasized on tradition and education for ethnic rejuvenescence allowed him to be introduced to various ...
The Confucian church (Chinese: 孔教会; pinyin: Kǒng jiàohuì or Rú jiàohuì) is a Confucian religious and social institution of the congregational type. It was first proposed by Kang Youwei (1858–1927) near the end of the 19th century, as a state religion of Qing China following a European model.
Kang Youwei managed to escape to Japan, and he also spread stories to vilify Cixi. Jung Chang wrote that Kang Youwei was a "master propagandist". [8] The six were beheaded in the following order: Kang Guangren (康广仁), Tan Sitong, Lin Xu, Yang Shenxiu (杨深秀), Yang Rui (杨锐), and Liu Guangdi. [9]
In 1906, the Qing government adopted the policy of establishing a constitutional monarchy by 1911. Kang Youwei declared that the Association's goals were accomplished, and in 1907 it changed its Chinese name to the "Empire Constitutionalist Association" (帝國憲政會), which was much closer to the association's English name.
Kang Youwei, along with his disciple Liang Qichao, was one of the major intellectual figures behind the launching of China's political reform by the Guangxu Emperor in 1898, but political infighting at the Qing court caused the reform movement to be summarily aborted within 103 days of its start and a death warrant to be issued against Kang ...