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The modern day notion of asepsis is derived from the older antiseptic techniques, a shift initiated by different individuals in the 19th century who introduced practices such as the sterilizing of surgical tools and the wearing of surgical gloves during operations. [2] The goal of asepsis is to eliminate infection, not to achieve sterility. [1]
Lawson Tait, born Robert Lawson Tait (1 May 1845 – 13 June 1899) was a Scottish pioneer in pelvic and abdominal surgery who developed new techniques and procedures. He emphasized asepsis and introduced and advocated for surgical techniques that significantly reduced mortality.
Various drugs are used to achieve unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia, loss of reflexes of the autonomic nervous system, and in some cases paralysis of skeletal muscles. The best combination of anaesthetics for a given patient and procedure is chosen by an anaesthetist or other specialist in consultation with the patient and the surgeon or ...
The term 'resection' is also used, especially when referring to a tumor.-opsy : looking at-oscopy : viewing of, normally with a scope-ostomy or -stomy : surgically creating a hole (a new "mouth" or "stoma", from the Greek στόμα (stóma), meaning "body", see List of -ostomies)-otomy or -tomy : surgical incision (see List of -otomies)
There are many different surgical specialties, some of which require specific kinds of surgical instruments to perform.. General surgery is a specialty focused on the abdomen; the thyroid gland; diseases involving skin, breasts, and various soft tissues; trauma; peripheral vascular disease; hernias; and endoscopic procedures.
Halsted's principles, also known as Tenets of Halsted, are the basic principles of surgical technique regarding tissue handling. [1] These key points were introduced in the late 19th century by William Stewart Halsted, co-founder of Johns Hopkins Hospital. [2] [3] Gentle handling of tissue; Meticulous haemostasis; Preservation of blood supply
Surgery [a] is a medical specialty that uses manual and instrumental techniques to diagnose or treat pathological conditions (e.g., trauma, disease, injury, malignancy), to alter bodily functions (e.g., malabsorption created by bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass), to reconstruct or alter aesthetics and appearance (cosmetic surgery), or to remove unwanted tissues (body fat, glands, scars ...
Balanced anesthesia is employed in a range of surgical procedures to optimize patient safety and comfort. [6] It is commonly used in major abdominal surgeries, such as bowel resections, liver surgery, and gastric bypass, where deep anesthesia and muscle relaxation are required.