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There is an upper limit to the mass of an electron-degenerate object, the Chandrasekhar limit, beyond which electron degeneracy pressure cannot support the object against collapse. The limit is approximately 1.44 [ 6 ] solar masses for objects with typical compositions expected for white dwarf stars (carbon and oxygen with two baryons per ...
In particle physics, the electron mass (symbol: m e) is the mass of a stationary electron, also known as the invariant mass of the electron. It is one of the fundamental constants of physics . It has a value of about 9.109 × 10 −31 kilograms or about 5.486 × 10 −4 daltons , which has an energy-equivalent of about 8.187 × 10 −14 joules ...
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The Chandrasekhar limit (/ ˌ tʃ ə n d r ə ˈ ʃ eɪ k ər /) [1] is the maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star. The currently accepted value of the Chandrasekhar limit is about 1.4 M ☉ (2.765 × 10 30 kg). [2] [3] [4] The limit was named after Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar. [5]
Continuing to add mass to what begins as a white dwarf, the object shrinks and the central density becomes even greater, with higher degenerate-electron energies. After the degenerate star's mass has grown sufficiently that its radius has shrunk to only a few thousand kilometers, the mass will be approaching the Chandrasekhar limit – the ...
For electrons or electron holes in a solid, the effective mass is usually stated as a factor multiplying the rest mass of an electron, m e (9.11 × 10 −31 kg). This factor is usually in the range 0.01 to 10, but can be lower or higher—for example, reaching 1,000 in exotic heavy fermion materials , or anywhere from zero to infinity ...
The upper bound of the electron radius of 10 −18 meters [94] can be derived using the uncertainty relation in energy. There is also a physical constant called the "classical electron radius", with the much larger value of 2.8179 × 10 −15 m, greater than the radius of the proton.
Thomson scattering is a model for the effect of electromagnetic fields on electrons when the field energy is much less than the rest mass of the electron .In the model the electric field of the incident wave accelerates the charged particle, causing it, in turn, to emit radiation at the same frequency as the incident wave, and thus the wave is scattered.