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Empty map: File:World map (Miller cylindrical projection, blank).svg; Some sources available on page Jews on the English Wikipedia; Number of Jews per country considering enlarged estimates: World Jewish Population in the World. Berman Jewish DataBank (2018). Retrieved on 22 June 2019. Author: Allice Hunter
The Shalom Center is now one of the primary organizations in North America and the world that promulgates an activist ecological understanding of Judaism. In 1988, Shomrei Adamah ("Guardians of the Earth") was formed as the first national Jewish organization devoted to environmental issues.
The differences between Karaite and Rabbinic Judaism go back more than a thousand years. Rabbinical Judaism originates from the Pharisees of the Second Temple period. Karaite Judaism may have its origins among the Sadducees of the same era. Karaite Jews hold the entire Hebrew Bible to be a religious authority.
The diaspora countries, by contrast, have low Jewish birth rates, an increasingly elderly age composition, and a negative balance of people leaving Judaism versus converting to Judaism. [14] Immigration trends also favor Israel ahead of diaspora countries. The Jewish state has a positive immigration balance (called aliyah in Hebrew).
Khazar Kingdom, c. 750–950 CE (semi-nomadic Turkic state in the Caucasus whose ruling royal elite seems to have converted to Judaism, although the extent to which it was adopted by commoners is highly debated) [11] [12] [13] Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia c. 1934 CE–present, one of the federal subjects of Russia. [14] [15] [16]
The Judea and Samaria Area covers a portion of the territory designated by the biblical names of Judea and Samaria.Both names are tied to the ancient Israelite kingdoms: the former corresponds to part of the Kingdom of Judah, also known as the Southern Kingdom; and the latter corresponds to part of the Kingdom of Israel, also known as the Northern Kingdom.
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Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman wars (Great Revolt, Diaspora, Bar Kokhba) Rabbinic period and Middle Ages; Rabbinic Judaism; History of the Jews in the Byzantine Empire; Christianity and Judaism (Jews and Christmas) Hinduism and Judaism; Islamic–Jewish relations; Middle Ages; Golden Age; Modern era; Haskalah ...