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2. Scratchboard - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scratchboard

   Scratchboard or scraperboard or scratch art [1] is a form of direct engraving where the artist scratches off dark ink to reveal a white or colored layer beneath. The technique uses sharp knives and tools for engraving into the scratchboard, which is usually cardboard covered in a thin layer of white China clay coated with black India ink.

3. Steel engraving - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel_engraving

   Steel engraving is a technique for printing illustrations on paper using steel printing plates instead of copper, the harder metal allowing a much longer print run before the image quality deteriorates. It has been rarely used in artistic printmaking, although it was much used for reproductions in the 19th century

4. Engraving - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engraving

   Other terms often used for printed engravings are copper engraving, copper-plate engraving or line engraving. Steel engraving is the same technique, on steel or steel-faced plates, and was mostly used for banknotes, illustrations for books, magazines and reproductive prints, letterheads and similar uses from about 1790 to the early 20th century, when the technique became less popular, except ...

5. Maulstick - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maulstick

   A maulstick or mahlstick / ˈ m ɔː l s t ɪ k / MAWL-stik [1] is a stick with a soft leather or padded head used by painters to support the working hand with a paintbrush or pen. The word derives from the German and Dutch Malstock or maalstok 'painting stick', from malen 'to paint'.

6. Intaglio (printmaking) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intaglio_(printmaking)

   Engraving had been used by goldsmiths to decorate metalwork, including armor, musical instruments and religious objects since ancient times, and the niello technique, which involved rubbing an alloy into the lines to give a contrasting color, also goes back to late antiquity. Scholars and practitioners of printmaking have suggested that the ...

7. Silverpoint - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silverpoint

   Contemporary American silverpoint artist Carol Prusa combines graphite and binder on acrylic hemispheres with metal leaf, video projection and fiber optics. [18] Susan Schwalb has combined smoke and fire in silver and copperpoints in the 1980s and currently creates drawings and paintings using numerous metals as well as acrylic paint. [14]