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Gastroenteritis, also known as infectious diarrhea, is an inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract including the stomach and intestine. [8] Symptoms may include diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. [1] Fever, lack of energy, and dehydration may also occur. [2] [3] This typically lasts less than two weeks. [8]
Infectious diarrhea is frequently referred to as gastroenteritis. [30] Norovirus is the most common cause of viral diarrhea in adults, [ 31 ] but rotavirus is the most common cause in children under five years old. [ 32 ]
Crohn's disease – also known as regional enteritis, it can occur along any surface of the gastrointestinal tract. The most common location for Crohn's disease to manifest, with or without the involvement of the colon or other parts of the GI tract, is in the terminal ileum (the final segment of the small intestine). [5]
The most important factor when treating gastroenteritis is the replacement of fluids and electrolytes that are lost because of the diarrhea and vomiting. [ citation needed ] Antibiotics will not be effective if the cause of gastroenteritis is a viral infection.
Intestinal infectious diseases include a large number of infections of the bowels, including cholera, typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, other types of salmonella infections, shigellosis, botulism, gastroenteritis, and amoebiasis among others. [1] Typhoid and paratyphoid resulted in 221,000 deaths in 2013 down from 259,000 deaths in 1990. [2]
Inflammation of the stomach by infection from any cause is called gastritis, and when including other parts of the gastrointestinal tract called gastroenteritis. When gastritis persists in a chronic state, it is associated with several diseases, including atrophic gastritis, pyloric stenosis, and gastric cancer.
Rotavirus A, which accounts for more than 90% of rotavirus gastroenteritis in humans, [4] is endemic worldwide. Each year rotaviruses cause millions of cases of diarrhoea in developing countries, almost 2 million of which result in hospitalisation. [ 7 ]
Common: Gastroenteritis, irritable bowel syndrome [2] Abdominal pain , also known as a stomach ache , is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues. Since the abdomen contains most of the body's vital organs, it can be an indicator of a wide variety of diseases.