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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 9 January 2025. Cultural belief of 19th-century American expansionists For other uses, see Manifest Destiny (disambiguation). American Progress (1872) by John Gast is an allegorical representation of the modernization of the new west. Columbia, a personification of the United States, is shown leading ...
The policy of Manifest Destiny would continue to be realized with the Mexican–American War of 1846, which resulted in the cession of 525,000 square miles (1,360,000 km 2) of Mexican territory to the United States, stretching up to the Pacific coast. [17] [18] The Whig Party strongly opposed this war and expansionism generally. [19]
Coined phrase manifest destiny John Louis O'Sullivan (November 15, 1813 – March 24, 1895) was an American columnist, editor, and diplomat who coined the term " manifest destiny " in 1845 to promote the annexation of Texas and the Oregon Country to the United States. [ 1 ]
Until 1898 American foreign policy was simple: to fulfill the country's manifest destiny and to remain free of entanglements overseas. [77] International issues such as war, imperialism, and the national role in world affairs played a role in the 1900 presidential election. [78]
The phrase "Manifest Destiny" meant many different things to many different people, and was rejected by many Americans. Howe argues that, "American imperialism did not represent an American consensus; it provoked bitter dissent within the national polity." [45]
"Manifest destiny" was the belief that the United States was destined to expand across the North American continent, from the Atlantic seaboard to the Pacific Ocean. During this time, the United States expanded to the Pacific Ocean—"from sea to shining sea"—largely defining the borders of the contiguous United States as they are today.
Manifest destiny was the belief that American settlers were destined to expand across the continent. [100] Manifest destiny was rejected by modernizers, especially the Whigs like Henry Clay and Abraham Lincoln who wanted to build cities and factories – not more farms. [b] Democrats strongly favored expansion, and won the key election of 1844.
The Frontier Thesis, also known as Turner's Thesis or American frontierism, is the argument by historian Frederick Jackson Turner in 1893 that the settlement and colonization of the rugged American frontier was decisive in forming the culture of American democracy and distinguishing it from European nations.