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An intelligence quotient (IQ) is a total score derived from a set of standardized tests or subtests designed to assess human intelligence. [1] Originally, IQ was a score obtained by dividing a person's mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligence test, by the person's chronological age, both expressed in terms of years and months.
IQ scores can differ to some degree for the same person on different IQ tests, so a person does not always belong to the same IQ score range each time the person is tested (IQ score table data and pupil pseudonyms adapted from description of KABC-II norming study cited in Kaufman 2009). [12] [13] Pupil KABC-II WISC-III WJ-III Asher: 90: 95: 111 ...
The number this calculation produced was the widely known intelligence quotient or IQ. For many people, both testers and tested, this number became a person's precise built-in intelligence. [ 3 ] Théodore Simon criticized this revision of the Binet-Simon test, arguing it to be a betrayal of the test's objective.
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) is an Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test designed to measure intelligence and cognitive ability in adults and older adolescents. [1] For children between the ages of 6 and 16, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is commonly used.
A U.S. government report expected to stir debate concluded that fluoride in drinking water at twice the recommended limit is linked with lower IQ in children. The report, based on an analysis of ...
Instead, Stern proposed dividing an individual's mental age by their chronological age to obtain a single ratio. This formula was later improved by Lewis Terman, who multiplied the intelligence quotient by 100 to obtain a whole number. [7] Stern, however, cautioned against the use of this formula as the sole way to categorize intelligence.
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Exposure to violence or trauma was correlated with a 7.5-point (SD, 0.5) decrement in IQ and a 9.8-point (SD, 0.66) decrement in reading achievement. [48] Violence may have a negative impact on IQ, or IQ may be protective against violence. [49] The causal mechanism and direction of causation is unknown. [48]