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It allows the children of expatriates, foreigners as well as residents in Brunei to examine their citizenship status and if necessary, apply for and obtain citizenship of Brunei. The primary law relating to Bruneian citizenship is the Nationality Act, 1962 drafted while Brunei was a British protectorate. The act was later amended in 1984 and 2002.
Visa requirements for Bruneian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states which are imposed on citizens of Brunei. As of 2025, Bruneian citizens have visa-free or visa on arrival access to 164 countries and territories, ranking the Bruneian passport 18th in the world according to the Henley Passport Index .
Compulsory for citizens 16 and older, and compulsory for all non-citizen permanent residents. The older form of Identity Document, in the form of a green booklet, began being phased out in 2013. [91] Although passports and driver's licences are also acceptable forms of identification, banks only accept a national identity card.
Countries and territories with visa-free entries or visas on arrival for holders of regular Bruneian passports. As of 28 September 2019, Bruneian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 165 countries and territories, ranking the Bruneian passport 21st in the world in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. [4]
Furthermore, Spain, Belgium, Italy, the Netherlands and Croatia do not recognise the Brunei International Certificate of Identity and thus the travel document is not valid for travel to these countries. The Brunei International Certificate of Identity is not covered by the Geneva or New York conventions. [2]
Naturalization (or naturalisation) is the legal act or process by which a non-national of a country acquires the nationality of that country after birth. [1] The definition of naturalization by the International Organization for Migration of the United Nations excludes citizenship that is automatically acquired (e.g. at birth) or is acquired by declaration.
Visitors to Brunei must obtain a visa from one of the Bruneian diplomatic missions unless they are citizens of one of the visa-exempt countries or citizens who are eligible to obtain a visa on arrival. All visitors must have a passport valid for at least 6 months.
Under MIB principles, Malay ethnicity is central to Brunei's definition of citizenship, which signifies both legal status and belonging. This creates a disparity: the Brunei Nationality Act (1961) automatically grants citizenship to recognised Malay indigenous communities, while non-Malays must apply through registration or naturalisation.