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A less severe form of involuntary termination is often referred to as a layoff (also redundancy or being made redundant in British English). A layoff is usually not strictly related to personal performance but instead due to economic cycles or the company's need to restructure itself, the firm itself going out of business, or a change in the function of the employer (for example, a certain ...
Implied contract: In some situations a court might find an implied contract of employment that restricts the employer's ability to terminate an employee without cause. For example, the terms of an employee manual may support an employee's claim that the employer must follow a defined disciplinary process prior to termination.
An employee handbook, sometimes also known as an employee manual, staff handbook, or company policy manual, is a book given to employees by an employer. The employee handbook can be used to bring together employment and job-related information which employees need to know. It typically has three types of content: [1]
While the main formal term for ending someone's employment is "dismissal", there are a number of colloquial or euphemistic expressions for the same action. "Firing" is a common colloquial term in the English language (particularly used in the U.S. and Canada), which may have originated in the 1910s at the National Cash Register Company. [2]
The standard of just cause provides important protections against arbitrary or unfair termination and other forms of inappropriate workplace discipline. [3] Just cause has become a common standard in labor arbitration, and is included in labor union contracts as a form of job security.
According to Cleveland Bd. of Educ. v. Loudermill, the process that is due a public employee includes a pre-termination hearing that provides "oral or written notice of the charges against him, an explanation of the employer's evidence, and an opportunity to present his side of the story." The Loudermill letter fulfills the requirement of ...