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The Monosoupape (French for single-valve), was a rotary engine design first introduced in 1913 by Gnome Engine Company (renamed Gnome et Rhône in 1915). It used a clever arrangement of internal transfer ports and a single pushrod-operated exhaust valve to replace the many moving parts found on more conventional rotary engines, and made the Monosoupape engines some of the most reliable of the era.
When compared with the Gnome Monosoupape, the Rhône engines were of a more conventional design [2] with a carburetor mounted on the shaft and intake and exhaust valves mounted on the cylinder heads. Fuel was piped from the hollow shaft to the cylinder heads by copper tubes (mounted at the front of the 80 Horsepower 9C model and at the back on ...
The Gnome Lambda of 1911 was a larger 80 hp (60 kW) version of the Omega, followed by the 9-cylinder 100 hp (75 kW) Gnome Delta in 1914 (also called the Gnome Monosoupape as it used that type of engine design for the first time). Gnome also tried a 14-cylinder two-row version, the Double Lambda of 160 hp (120 kW), but this saw little use, even ...
The engine speed was controlled by varying the opening time and extent of the exhaust valves using levers acting on the valve tappet rollers, a system later abandoned due to valves burning. The weight of the Monosoupape was slightly less than the earlier two-valve engines, and it used less lubricating oil.
First marketed in 1912, the 80 horsepower 9C was the first of the Rhône series rotary engines to have nine cylinders. [1] In common with earlier seven cylinder Le Rhône series engines, the 9C featured copper induction pipes and used a single push-pull rod to operate its two overhead valves.
The Gnome 7 Omega (commonly called the Gnome 50 hp) is a French seven-cylinder, air-cooled aero engine produced by Gnome et Rhône. [2] It was shown at the Paris Aero Salon held in December 1908 and was first flown in 1909. It was the world's first [1] aviation rotary engine produced in quantity.
The Gnome-Rhône 7K itself was an enlarged version of the Gnome-Rhône 5K which was derived from a licensed version of the Bristol Titan. A redesign of the cylinders is indicated by the K suffix. The 9K was followed by the larger and more powerful 14-cylinder twin row Gnome-Rhône 14K.
The Avro 504 is a single-engine biplane bomber made by the Avro aircraft company and under licence by others. Production during World War I totalled 8,970 and continued for almost 20 years, [2] making it the most-produced aircraft of any kind that served in any military capacity during the First World War.