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Cerebellar degeneration is a condition in which cerebellar cells, otherwise known as neurons, become damaged and progressively weaken in the cerebellum. [1] There are two types of cerebellar degeneration; paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration , and alcoholic or nutritional cerebellar degeneration. [ 2 ]
Non-invasive cerebellar stimulation is the application of non-invasive neurostimulation techniques on the cerebellum to modify its electrical activity. Techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) or transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can be used. [ 1 ]
Hydrocephalus is typically treated through surgery. One option is the placement of a shunt system. [1] A procedure called an endoscopic third ventriculostomy has gained popularity in recent decades, and is an option in certain populations. [4] Outcomes are variable, but many people with shunts live normal lives. [1]
This also explains why dyschronometria is seen more commonly in the elderly due to the deterioration of physical brain matter with age. Other probable causes for the deterioration of brain matter in the elderly include increased supranational activation, decreased cerebellar activation (which is consistent with fronto-cerebellar dissociation). [10]
Cerebellar hypoplasia is characterized by reduced cerebellar volume, even though cerebellar shape is (near) normal. It consists of a heterogeneous group of disorders of cerebellar maldevelopment presenting as early-onset non–progressive congenital ataxia , hypotonia and motor learning disability .
One treatment option being investigated is stem cell therapy, which attempts to replace dead tissue by transplanting stem cells into affected region and either stimulating them to differentiate into the desired cell types or allowing them to stimulate endogenous regenerative mechanisms.
The cerebellum is the brain's main control center for planning, adjusting, and executing movements of the body, the limbs and the eyes. It plays a major role in several forms of motor learning, including balance and posture. [3] In the past, the evidence for a role for the cerebellum in cognitive functions was rather weak. [4]
Dandy–Walker malformation (DWM), also known as Dandy–Walker syndrome (DWS), is a rare congenital brain malformation in which the part joining the two hemispheres of the cerebellum (the cerebellar vermis) does not fully form, and the fourth ventricle and space behind the cerebellum (the posterior fossa) are enlarged with cerebrospinal fluid.