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In neuroscience, the default mode network (DMN), also known as the default network, default state network, or anatomically the medial frontoparietal network (M-FPN), is a large-scale brain network primarily composed of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus and angular gyrus.
The cycling between manic and depressive episodes is the main hallmark of bipolar disorder. In BD, there seems to be a disconnect between the Frontoparietal Network (FPN) and Default Mode Network (DMN), in which the FPN is unable "to suppress task irrelevant DMN activity during cognitive performance" which leads to BD's cognitive impairments. [81]
The areas in question comprise the default mode network, which consists of the medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices." [6] Michael Pollan wrote that in 2012, Brewer, "using fMRI to study the brains of experienced meditators, noticed that their default-mode networks had also been quieted relative to those of novice meditators. It ...
The default mode network (and the PCC) is highly reactive and quickly deactivates during tasks with externally directed, or presently centered, attention (such as working memory or meditation). [ 4 ] [ 8 ] Conversely, the DMN is active when attention is internally directed (during episodic memory retrieval, planning, and daydreaming).
The salience network is theorized to mediate switching between the default mode network and central executive network. [1] [2]The salience network (SN), also known anatomically as the midcingulo-insular network (M-CIN) or ventral attention network, is a large scale network of the human brain that is primarily composed of the anterior insula (AI) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC).
[48] [49] The default mode network, for example, is composed of regions such as the medial prefrontal cortex, angular gyrus, temporoparietal junction, and the hippocampus, to name a few. One study has shown that Extraversion and Agreeableness are positively correlated with overall neural activity in the default mode network. [50]
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Whitfield-Gabrieli's research regarding understanding the etiology of mental illness has revolved around investigations of resting state networks (RSN), called the default mode network (DMN), which is an identified neural system associated with the free wandering of the human mind.