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The Apostle Paul taught that Jesus was "obedient unto death," a 1st century Jewish phrasing for self-sacrifice in Jewish law. Because of this, some scholars believe Jesus' death was Jewish martyrdom. [10] [11] [12] Jesus himself said he had come to fulfill the Torah. [13]
According to Jehovah's Witnesses, atonement for sins comes only through the life, ministry, and death of Jesus Christ. They believe Jesus was the "second Adam", being the pre-existent and sinless Son of God who became the human Messiah of Israel, and that he came to undo Adamic sin. [230] [231] [232] [web 38]
For Paul, Jesus receives prayer, [283] [284] [285] the presence of Jesus is confessionally invoked by believers, [286] [287] [288] people are baptized in Jesus' name, [289] [290] Jesus is the reference in Christian fellowship for a religious ritual meal (the Lord's Supper; [291] in pagan cults, the reference for ritual meals is always to a ...
14:19-20: Jews stone Paul nearly to death. 16:16-24: Paul and Silas are flogged and imprisoned by gentiles in Philippi. 17:1-15: Paul and others are chased out of successive towns by Jews. 18:12-17: Paul is made to appear before the Roman proconsul Gallop in Achaia, who dismisses the case as an internal dispute.
In Galatians 1:19, Paul says he met with James, the "Lord's brother"; 1 Corinthians 15:3–8 refers to people to whom Jesus' had appeared, and who were Paul's contemporaries; and in 1 Thessalonians 2:14–16 Paul refers to the Jews "who both killed the Lord Jesus" and "drove out us" as the same people, indicating that the death of Jesus was ...
Paul's influence on Christian thinking is considered to be more significant than that of any other New Testament author. [3] According to Krister Stendahl, the main concern of Paul's writings on Jesus' role, and salvation by faith, is not the individual conscience of human sinners, and their doubts about being chosen by God or not, but the problem of the inclusion of Gentile (Greek) Torah ...
For Paul, Jesus' death and resurrection solved this problem of the exclusion of the gentiles from God's covenant. [24] ' Dying for our sins' refers to the problem of gentile Torah-observers, who, despite their faithfulness, cannot fully observe commandments, including circumcision, and are therefore 'sinners', excluded from God's covenant. [ 25 ]
The Catechism of the Catholic Church states: "By the expression 'He descended into Hell', the Apostles' Creed confesses that Jesus did really die and through his death for us conquered death and the devil 'who has the power of death' (Hebrews 2:14). In his human soul united to his divine person, the dead Christ went down to the realm of the dead.