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Retinal detachment is a condition where the retina pulls away from the tissue underneath it. [1] [2] [3] It may start in a small area, but without quick treatment, it can spread across the entire retina, leading to serious vision loss and possibly blindness. [4] Retinal detachment is a medical emergency that requires surgery. [2] [3]
The vessel walls are weak and leak blood plasma and lipid within and underneath the retina. This leakage can lead to exudative retinal detachment, also known as exudative retinopathy in this context. The detachment typically has a yellowish tint because the fluid under the retina contains lipid. These findings mimic Coats disease. [9]
A case of Coats' disease, showing total exudative retinal detachment, and subretinal exudate containing cholesterol crystals (H&E) Microscopically, the wall of retinal vessels may be thickened in some cases, while in other cases the wall may be thinned with irregular dilatation of the lumen. [10]
Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR, pronounced as fever) is a genetic disorder affecting the growth and development of blood vessels in the retina of the eye. This disease can lead to visual impairment and sometimes complete blindness in one or both eyes.
Recently, central serous chorioretinopathy has been understood to be part of the pachychoroid spectrum. [5] [6] In pachychoroid spectrum disorders, of which CSR represents stage II, the choroid, the highly vascularized layer below the retina, is thickened and congested with increased blood vessel diameter, especially in the deep choroid (the so-called Haller's layer).
Anecortave / æ n ə ˈ k ɔːr t eɪ v / is a novel angiogenesis inhibitor used in the treatment of the exudative (wet) form of age-related macular degeneration.Although similar in chemical structure to the corticosteroid hydrocortisone acetate, it possesses no glucocorticoid activity. [1]
Hyphema treatment begins with head elevation to about 30 degrees, including while sleeping. An eye shield should also be placed and worn until the hyphema has completely resolved. [9] Vitreous hemorrhages are treated by targeting the underlying cause, such as with laser photo-coagulation for proliferative diabetic retinopathy or retinal detachment.
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a disease that develops as a complication of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.PVR occurs in about 8–10% of patients undergoing primary retinal detachment surgery and prevents the successful surgical repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.