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  2. Translation studies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_studies

    Translation studies is an academic interdiscipline ... The main schools of thought on the level of research have tended to cluster around key theoretical concepts ...

  3. Skopos theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skopos_theory

    The theory first appeared in an article published by linguist Hans Josef Vermeer in the German Journal Lebende Sprachen, 1978. [2]As a realisation of James Holmes’ map of Translation Studies (1972), [3] [4] skopos theory is the core of the four approaches of German functionalist translation theory [5] that emerged around the late twentieth century.

  4. Polysystem theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysystem_theory

    The polysystem theory, a theory in translation studies, implies using polyvalent factors as an instrument for explaining the complexity of culture within a single community and between communities. Analyzing sets of relations in literature and language, it gradually shifted towards a more complex analysis of socio-cultural systems .

  5. The Interpretive Theory of Translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Interpretive_Theory_of...

    The Interpretive Theory of Translation [1] (ITT) is a concept from the field of Translation Studies.It was established in the 1970s by Danica Seleskovitch, a French translation scholar and former Head of the Paris School of Interpreters and Translators (Ecole Supérieure d’Interprètes et de Traducteurs (ESIT), Université Paris 3 - Sorbonne Nouvelle).

  6. Domestication and foreignization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestication_and_foreigni...

    In his 1998 book The Scandals of Translation: Towards an Ethics of Difference, Venuti states that "Domestication and foreignization deal with 'the question of how much a translation assimilates a foreign text to the translating language and culture, and how much it rather signals the differences of that text'".

  7. Transcreation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcreation

    Transcreation is a term coined from the words "translation" and "creation", and a concept used in the field of translation studies to describe the process of adapting a message from one language to another, while maintaining its intent, style, tone, and context.

  8. Translational research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translational_research

    In the field of education, it is defined as research which translates concepts to classroom practice. Critics of translational medical research (to the exclusion of more basic research) point to examples of important drugs that arose from fortuitous discoveries in the course of basic research such as penicillin and benzodiazepines .

  9. Retranslation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retranslation

    In translation studies, the accepted meaning is now as a new translation into the same target language of a previously translated work. [6] The traditional conceptualization holds that the process is linear [ 7 ] or chronological, with retranslation always taking place after the first translation. [ 8 ]