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A sphere of radius r has surface area 4πr 2.. The surface area (symbol A) of a solid object is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies. [1] The mathematical definition of surface area in the presence of curved surfaces is considerably more involved than the definition of arc length of one-dimensional curves, or of the surface area for polyhedra (i.e., objects with ...
Since the surface area of the tank is WL, and v s = Q/WL, v h = Q/WH, where Q is the flow rate and W, L, H is the width, length, depth of the tank. According to Eq. 1, this also is a basic factor that can control the sedimentation tank performance which called overflow rate. [13]
A circular segment (in green) is enclosed between a secant/chord (the dashed line) and the arc whose endpoints equal the chord's (the arc shown above the green area). In geometry , a circular segment or disk segment (symbol: ⌓ ) is a region of a disk [ 1 ] which is "cut off" from the rest of the disk by a straight line.
These formulas are identical in the sense that the formula for S oblate can be used to calculate the surface area of a prolate spheroid and vice versa. However, e then becomes imaginary and can no longer directly be identified with the eccentricity. Both of these results may be cast into many other forms using standard mathematical identities ...
Scratches, represented by triangular-shaped grooves, make the surface area greater. Specific surface area (SSA) is a property of solids defined as the total surface area (SA) of a material per unit mass, [1] (with units of m 2 /kg or m 2 /g). Alternatively, it may be defined as SA per solid or bulk volume [2] [3] (units of m 2 /m 3 or m −1).
In fluid dynamics, Sauter mean diameter (SMD) is an average measure of particle size.It was originally developed by German scientist Josef Sauter in the late 1920s. [1] [2] It is defined as the diameter of a sphere that has the same volume/surface area ratio as a particle of interest.
Simpson's rules are used to calculate the volume of lifeboats, [6] and by surveyors to calculate the volume of sludge in a ship's oil tanks. For instance, in the latter, Simpson's 3rd rule is used to find the volume between two co-ordinates. To calculate the entire area / volume, Simpson's first rule is used. [7]
Theoretically, Hooghoudt's equation can also be used for sloping land. [8] The theory on drainage of sloping land is corroborated by the results of sand tank experiments. [9] In addition, the entrance resistance encountered by the water upon entering the drains can be accounted for. Definitions of drainage of sloping land and entrance resistance