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  2. Athenian democracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athenian_democracy

    Athenian democracy had many critics, both ancient and modern. Ancient Greek critics of Athenian democracy include Thucydides the general and historian, Aristophanes the playwright, Plato the pupil of Socrates, Aristotle the pupil of Plato, and a writer known as the Old Oligarch. While modern critics are more likely to find fault with the ...

  3. Free will in antiquity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_will_in_antiquity

    The Peripatetic philosopher Alexander of Aphrodisias (c. 150–210), the most famous of the ancient commentators on Aristotle, defended a view of moral responsibility we would call libertarianism today. Greek philosophy had no precise term for "free will" as did Latin (liberum arbitrium or libera voluntas). The discussion was in terms of ...

  4. List of ancient Greek philosophers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek...

    This list of ancient Greek philosophers contains philosophers who studied in ancient Greece or spoke Greek. Ancient Greek philosophy began in Miletus with the pre-Socratic philosopher Thales [1] [2] and lasted through Late Antiquity. Some of the most famous and influential philosophers of all time were from the ancient Greek world, including ...

  5. Ancient Greek philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_philosophy

    Socrates, believed to have been born in Athens in the 5th century BC, marks a watershed in ancient Greek philosophy. Athens was a center of learning, with sophists and philosophers traveling from across Greece to teach rhetoric, astronomy, cosmology, and geometry.

  6. Phaleas of Chalcedon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaleas_of_Chalcedon

    Phaleas of Chalcedon (Ancient Greek: Φαλέας; fl. 5th or early 4th century BCE [1] was a Greek statesman of antiquity, who argued that all citizens of a model city (Ancient Greek: polis) should be equal in property and education. [2] [3] The only surviving reference to Phaleas of Chalcedon appears in Book II of Aristotle's Politics.

  7. Socrates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socrates

    Socrates (/ ˈ s ɒ k r ə t iː z /, [2] Ancient Greek: Σωκράτης, romanized: Sōkrátēs; c. 470 – 399 BC) was a Greek philosopher from Athens who is credited as the founder of Western philosophy [3] and as among the first moral philosophers of the ethical tradition of thought.

  8. Zeno of Citium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeno_of_Citium

    Zeno of Citium (/ ˈ z iː n oʊ /; Koinē Greek: Ζήνων ὁ Κιτιεύς, Zēnōn ho Kitieus; c. 334 – c. 262 BC) was a Hellenistic philosopher from Citium (Κίτιον, Kition), Cyprus. [3] He was the founder of the Stoic school of philosophy, which he taught in Athens from about 300 BC.

  9. Zeno's paradoxes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeno's_paradoxes

    Zeno's paradoxes are a series of philosophical arguments presented by the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea (c. 490–430 BC), [1] [2] primarily known through the works of Plato, Aristotle, and later commentators like Simplicius of Cilicia. [2]