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[62] [63] The International Conference on Geodesy in 1867 called for the creation of a new international prototype of the metre [62] [63] [Note 19] and of a system by which national standards could be compared with it. The international prototype would also be a "line standard", that is the metre was defined as the distance between two lines ...
Geophysics (the study of the Earth by the means of physics) preceded physics [citation needed] and contributed to the development of its methods. It was primarily a natural philosophy whose object was the study of natural phenomena such as the Earth's magnetic field, lightning and gravity. The coordination of the observation of geophysical ...
An early determination was that between Potsdam and The Brocken in Germany, a distance of about 100 miles (160 km), in 1906. [114] In 1911 the French determined the difference of longitude between Paris and Bizerte in Tunisia, a distance of 920 miles (1,480 km), and in 1913–14 a transatlantic determination was made between Paris and ...
They arrived at a figure for the solar parallax of 9 ± 2 arcseconds, [Note 2] equivalent to an Earth–Sun distance of about 23,000 Earth radii. [28] They were also the first astronomers to have access to an accurate and reliable value for the radius of Earth , which had been measured by their colleague Jean Picard in 1669 as 6,365.6 kilometres .
The kilometre (SI symbol: km; / ˈ k ɪ l ə m iː t ər / or / k ɪ ˈ l ɒ m ə t ər /), spelt kilometer in American and Philippine English, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one thousand metres (kilo-being the SI prefix for 1000).
With development of manufacturing technologies, and the growing importance of trade between communities and ultimately across the Earth, standardized weights and measures became critical. Starting in the 18th century, modernized, simplified and uniform systems of weights and measures were developed, with the fundamental units defined by ever ...
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He measured the Earth's circumference by reference to the position of the star Canopus. His measure of 240,000 stadia translates to 24,000 miles (39,000 km), close to the actual circumference of 24,901 miles (40,074 km). [11] He was informed in his approach by Eratosthenes, who a century earlier used the elevation of the Sun at different latitudes.