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Used for link-local addresses [5] between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255
In 1999, the Internet Engineering Task Force reserved the DNS labels example, invalid, localhost, and test so that they may not be installed into the root zone of the Domain Name System. The reasons for reservation of these top-level domain names is to reduce the likelihood of conflict and confusion. [ 1 ]
IANA, who allocate IP addresses globally, have allocated the single IP address 0.0.0.0 [1] to RFC 1122 section 3.2.1.3. It is named as "This host on this network". RFC 1122 refers to 0.0.0.0 using the notation {0,0}. It prohibits this as a destination address in IPv4 and only allows it as a source address under specific circumstances.
Null routes are typically configured with a special route flag; for example, the standard iproute2 command ip route allows to set route types unreachable, blackhole, prohibit which discard packets. Alternatively, a null route can be implemented by forwarding packets to an illegal IP address such as 0.0.0.0 , or the loopback address .
They define how information sent/received through the connection are encoded (as in Content-Encoding), the session verification and identification of the client (as in browser cookies, IP address, user-agent) or their anonymity thereof (VPN or proxy masking, user-agent spoofing), how the server should handle data (as in Do-Not-Track or Global ...
A public IP address is a globally routable unicast IP address, meaning that the address is not an address reserved for use in private networks, such as those reserved by RFC 1918, or the various IPv6 address formats of local scope or site-local scope, for example for link-local addressing. Public IP addresses may be used for communication ...
A Martian packet is an IP packet seen on the public Internet that contains a source or destination address that is reserved for special use by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) as defined in RFC 1812, Appendix B Glossary (Martian Address Filtering).
The IP forwarding algorithm is a specific implementation of routing for IP networks. In order to achieve a successful transfer of data, the algorithm uses a routing table to select a next-hop router as the next destination for a datagram. The IP address of the selected router is known as the next-hop address. [1] The IP forwarding algorithm ...