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High anion gap metabolic acidosis is a form of metabolic acidosis characterized by a high anion gap (a medical value based on the concentrations of ions in a patient's serum). Metabolic acidosis occurs when the body produces too much acid , or when the kidneys are not removing enough acid from the body.
The anion gap [1] [2] (AG or AGAP) is a value calculated from the results of multiple individual medical lab tests.It may be reported with the results of an electrolyte panel, which is often performed as part of a comprehensive metabolic panel.
In general, the cause of a hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis is a loss of base, either a gastrointestinal loss or a renal loss [citation needed]. Gastrointestinal loss of bicarbonate (HCO − 3) [citation needed] Severe diarrhea (vomiting will tend to cause hypochloraemic alkalosis) Pancreatic fistula with loss of bicarbonate rich pancreatic fluid
For a list of the common anions responsible, see high anion gap metabolic acidosis. KULT is probably the easiest of the mnemonics to use (Ketones, Uremia, Lactate, Toxins). Toxins are an uncommon cause of high anion gap metabolic acidosis – a list of the commonest toxins is ACE GIFTs [ibid]. Metformin as a pure toxicological cause is ...
Metabolic acidosis is a serious electrolyte disorder characterized by an imbalance in the body's acid-base balance.Metabolic acidosis has three main root causes: increased acid production, loss of bicarbonate, and a reduced ability of the kidneys to excrete excess acids. [5]
Moreover, both of these common infections can precipitate more severe hypoglycemia in undiagnosed children, making diagnosis of the underlying cause difficult. As elevated lactate persists, uric acid, ketoacids, and free fatty acids further increase the anion gap. In adults and children, the high concentrations of lactate cause significant ...
These are characterized by a serum pH below 7.4 (acidosis) or above 7.4 (alkalosis), and whether the cause is from a metabolic process or respiratory process. If the body experiences one of these derangements, the body will try to compensate by inducing an opposite process (e.g. induced respiratory alkalosis for a primary metabolic acidosis).
Region D: the new meter's values are so inaccurate that it would fail to detect potentially dangerous hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia; and Region E: the new meter not only fails to detect potentially dangerous hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia (as in Region D), but it also mistakes one condition for the other (for example, reporting a hyperglycemic ...