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Because EDP is an uncommon disease of the skin, it is important to consider other skin diseases that may resemble erythema dyschromicum perstans, such as infectious diseases (i.e. leprosy or pinta), reaction to drugs, post inflammatory hyperpigmentation, or lichen planus pigmentosus. There is no cure for EDP.
Psoriatic erythroderma can be congenital or secondary to an environmental trigger. [12] [13] [14] Environmental triggers that have been documented include sunburn, skin trauma, psychological stress, systemic illness, alcoholism, drug exposure, chemical exposure (e.g., topical tar, computed tomography contrast material), and the sudden cessation of medication.
Erythroderma is generalized exfoliative dermatitis, which involves 90% or more of the patient's skin. [3] The most common cause of erythroderma is exacerbation of an underlying skin disease, such as Harlequin-type ichthyosis, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, lichen planus, pityriasis rubra pilaris or a drug reaction, such as the use of topical steroids. [4]
Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC), is a descriptive term for a class of skin lesion [2] presenting redness in a ring form (anulare) that spreads from a center (centrifugum). It was first described by Darier in 1916.
Treatment for postinflammatory hyperpigmentation may include topical agents like hydroquinone, retinoids, ascorbic acid, and azelaic acid, as well as chemical peels or laser therapy to promote skin renewal and reduce pigmentation. Sun protection is also crucial to prevent further darkening of the affected skin.
An interface dermatitis with vacuolar alteration, not otherwise specified, may be caused by viral exanthems, phototoxic dermatitis, acute radiation dermatitis, erythema dyschromicum perstans, lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis. [2]
Withdrawal or administration of certain drugs in the patient's previous medication regimen may be required. Oral retinoids are the most effective treatment, and are considered first line. [2] Cyclosporine or infliximab may be required for particularly acute cases. [5] [6]
Postinflammatory hypopigmentation is a common consequence of cutaneous inflammatory disorders. Certain conditions, like lichen striatus (LS) and pityriasis lichenoides chronica (PLC), typically cause postinflammatory hypopigmentation as opposed to hyperpigmentation.