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A lower legally allowed marriage age does not necessarily cause high rates of child marriages. However, there is a correlation between restrictions placed by laws and the average age of first marriage. In the United States, per 1960 Census data, 3.5% of girls married before the age of 16, while an additional 11.9% married between 16 and 18.
In about 88% of those marriages, the marriage license became a "get out of jail free" card for a would-be rapist under state law that specifically allowed within marriage what would otherwise be considered statutory rape. In the other 12% of those marriages, the marriage was legal under state law, but sex within the marriage was a crime. [19]
Teenage marriage is the union of two adolescents between the ages of 13 and 19. Many factors contribute to teenage marriage, such as love, teenage pregnancy, religion, security, wealth, family, peer pressure, arranged marriage, economic and/or political reasons, social advancement, and cultural reasons.
In South Korea and Singapore, although the occurrence of sexual intercourse before marriage has risen, rates of adolescent childbearing are low at 4 to 8 per 1,000. [when?] The rate of early marriage and pregnancy has decreased sharply in Indonesia. However, it remains high in comparison to the rest of Asia. [citation needed]
Child marriage in Pakistan is legally prohibited to an extent under the Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929 (No XIX). Under the Act, the minimum age for marriage was 18 years for a male and 16 years for a female (section 2). [16] However, under a new bill passed in Pakistani Senate, the minimum age of marriage for female was increased to 18. [17]
The customs for courtship in the early colonies varied according to the religious and cultural framework of each colony. In the Chesapeake Colonies, marriages were often arranged by families, while in Delaware Colony, Quakers forbid any marriage to a non-Quaker or to a first or second cousin, and the entire community had to consent to any marriage.
Child marriage in Zimbabwe is common. As of 2019, approximately 1 in 3 girls in Zimbabwe are married before age 18. [1] [2] Early pregnancy can pose a health risk. In July 2021, a 15-year-old girl, who was married to a 26-year-old man, died giving birth inside a church. [3]
Causes and consequences of child marriage The third chapter of the book presents the findings of the research and discusses several cultural , social , political , and religious factors that contribute to the prevalence of child marriage in Iran.