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The Augsburg Confession (German: Augsburger Bekenntnis), also known as the Augustan Confession or the Augustana from its Latin name, Confessio Augustana, is the primary confession of faith of the Lutheran Church and one of the most important documents of the Protestant Reformation.
The Altered Augsburg Confession (Lat. Confessio Augustana Variata) is a later version of the Lutheran Augsburg Confession that includes notable differences with regard to holy communion and the presence of Christ in bread and wine. It is distinguished from the unaltered or Editio princeps (original edition
The Augsburg Confession was intended "to be an expression of the faith of the universal Church, and thus a basis for a reconciliation between the Lutheran Reformers and the Roman Church". It had been prepared by Philipp Melanchthon and Johannes Brenz at the behest of John, Elector of Saxony .
The Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession stems from the Reformation which began in October 1517. The first Lutheran sermons took place in 1518, and in 1523 the first Lutheran dean, Johann Heß, was called to the city of Breslau, whence Lutheranism spread through the Polish lands.
On 3 August 1530, the final version was read at the Diet. The Confutatio rejected some of the statements of the Augsburg Confession while affirming others. It called for a return to Catholic doctrine. In other respects, however, the Confutatio found common ground with the Augsburg Confession. Emperor Charles V refused to hand over the text to ...
Ninety-five Theses The 1517 Nuremberg printing of Ninety-five Theses, now housed at the Berlin State Library Author Martin Luther Original title Disputatio pro declaratione virtutis indulgentiarum [a] Language Latin Publication date 31 October 1517 Publication place Germany Original text Disputatio pro declaratione virtutis indulgentiarum [a] at Latin Wikisource Translation Ninety-five Theses ...
Christian declared the Augsburg Confession as the authoritative articles of faith in 1538, [275] but pilgrimages to the most popular shrines continued, and the Eucharistic liturgy kept Catholic elements, such as kneeling. [276] In the Danish dependencies of Norway and Iceland, the Reformation required vigorous governmental interventions. [277]
They are the Augsburg Confession, the Apology of the Augsburg Confession, both by Philipp Melanchthon, the Small and Large Catechisms of Martin Luther, his Smalcald Articles, Melanchthon's Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope, and the Formula of Concord, which was composed shortly before the publishing of the Book of Concord and ...