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A wind tunnel is "an apparatus for producing a controlled stream of air for conducting ... The earliest wind tunnels were invented towards the end of the 19th century ...
Phillips devised a wind tunnel in which he studied a wide variety of aerofoil shapes for use in providing lift. The tunnel was unusual in that the gas flow was provided by steam rather than air. [2] By 1884 he was able to register his first patent, and more were to follow.
The Wrights took a huge step forward and made basic wind tunnel tests on 200 scale-model wings of many shapes and airfoil curves, followed by detailed tests on 38 of them. An important discovery was the benefit of longer narrower wings: in aeronautical terms, wings with a larger aspect ratio (wingspan divided by chord – the wing's front-to ...
In 1901, as part of a pioneering aeronautical laboratory, Zahm built a wind tunnel with financing from Hugo Mattullah. It operated until 1908. [6] It has been described as "America's first significant wind tunnel." [7] He joined the Aero Club of America shortly after it was founded, in 1905. [8]
Low Speed Wind Tunnel 1.15 m (3 ft 9 in) by 0.95 m (3 ft 1 in) Flow Visualisation Wind Tunnel 0.90 m (2 ft 11 in) by 0.90 m (2 ft 11 in) United Kingdom University of Manchester [17] Operational Hypersonic wind tunnel 6 in (150 mm) diameter Trisonic wind tunnel 0.15 m (5.9 in) by 0.3 m (1 ft 0 in)
In 1871 Wenham and colleague John Browning designed and constructed what was probably the world's first wind tunnel. Their experiments showed that high aspect ratio wings—long and narrow—had a better lift-to-drag ratio than short stubby wings with the same lifting area. Writing about his work, Wenham may have been the first scientist to use ...
The first human to fly in a vertical wind tunnel was Jack Tiffany in 1964 at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base located in Greene and Montgomery County, Ohio.. In 1982 Jean St-Germain, an inventor from Drummondville, Quebec, [2] sold a vertical wind tunnel concept to both Les Thompson and Marvin Kratter, both of whom went on to build their own wind tunnels.
The Variable Density Tunnel (VDT) was the second wind tunnel at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics Langley Research Center.Proposed by German aerospace engineer, Max Munk, student of Ludwig Prandtl, it was the world's first variable density wind tunnel and allowed for more accurate testing of small-scale models than could be obtained with atmospheric wind tunnels.