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An upper case numeral that is not followed by a symbol is understood as a major chord. The use of Roman numerals enables the rhythm section performers to play the song in any key requested by the bandleader or lead singer. The accompaniment performers translate the Roman numerals to the specific chords that would be used in a given key.
The major seventh chord, sometimes also called a Delta chord, can be written as maj 7, M 7, Δ, ⑦, etc. The "7" does not have to be superscripted, but if it is, then any alterations, added tones, or omissions are usually also superscripted. For example, the major seventh chord built on C, commonly written as Cmaj 7, has pitches C–E–G–B:
For instance, in the C major scale, G is the fifth note of the scale, and the seventh chord built on G is the dominant seventh chord, G 7 (shown above). In this chord, F is a minor seventh above G. In Roman numeral analysis, G 7 would be represented as V 7 in the key of C major.
A leading-tone triad is a triad built on the seventh scale degree in a major key (vii o in Roman numeral analysis), while a leading-tone seventh chord is a seventh chord built on the seventh scale degree (vii ø 7). Walter Piston considers and notates vii o as V 0 7, an incomplete dominant seventh chord. [1]
A major seventh chord contains the notes: root, 3, 5, M7, (9). The symbols M7 and Δ7 have the same meaning as maj 7 or just Δ. Often melody notes or other pitches influence an improviser's choice of chord types. For example, if the melody note is the root of the chord, including a major seventh can cause dissonance.
Of the seven notes in the major scale, a seventh chord uses only four (the root, third, fifth, and seventh). The other three notes (the second, fourth, and sixth) can be added in any combination; however, just as with the triads and seventh chords, notes are most commonly stacked – a seventh implies that there is a fifth and a third and a root.
In the refrain of "Bali Hai" in "South Pacific," the third tone ("Hai") is a major seventh to the first ("Ba-"). The major seventh occurs most commonly built on the root of major triads, resulting in the chord type also known as major seventh chord or major-major seventh chord: including I 7 and IV 7 in major. [5] "Major seven chords add ...
A number by itself (without any other notation) is assumed to represent a major chord. Minor chords are noted with a dash after the number or a lowercase m; in the key of D, 1 is D major, and 4- or 4m would be G minor. Often in the NNS, songs in minor keys will be written in the 6- of the relative major key.