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Matrilineality in Judaism or matrilineal descent in Judaism is the tracing of Jewish descent through the maternal line. Close to all Jewish communities have followed matrilineal descent from at least early Tannaitic (c. 10–70 CE) times through modern times. [108] The origins and date-of-origin of matrilineal descent in Judaism are uncertain.
Inheritance can be organized in a way that its use is restricted by the desires of someone (usually of the decedent). [160] An inheritance may have been organized as a fideicommissum, which usually cannot be sold or diminished, only its profits are disposable. A fideicommissum's succession can also be ordered in a way that determines it long ...
This form of strict agnatic inheritance has been officially revoked in all extant European monarchies except the Principality of Liechtenstein. By the 21st century, most ongoing European monarchies had replaced their traditional agnatic succession with absolute primogeniture , meaning that the first child born to a monarch inherits the throne ...
Orthodox Judaism maintains that the law of matrilineal descent in Judaism dates at least to the time of the covenant at Sinai (c. 1310 BCE). [24] This law was first codified in writing in the Mishna ( c. 2nd century CE ), [ 25 ] and later in the Mishneh Torah (c. 1170–1180 CE) [ 26 ] and Shulchan Aruch (1563 CE), without mention of any ...
Detailed anthropological and sociological studies have been made about customs of patrilineal inheritance, where only male children can inherit. Some cultures also employ matrilineal succession, where property can only pass along the female line, most commonly going to the sister's sons of the decedent; but also, in some societies, from the mother to her daughters.
In anthropology, a lineage is a unilineal descent group that traces its ancestry to a demonstrably shared ancestor, known as the apical ancestor. [1] [2] [3] Lineages are formed through relationships traced either exclusively through the maternal line (matrilineage), paternal line (patrilineage), or some combination of both (). [4]
Agnatic primogeniture or patrilineal primogeniture is inheritance according to seniority of birth among the sons of a monarch or head of family, with sons inheriting before brothers, and male-line male descendants inheriting before collateral male relatives in the male line, and to the total exclusion of females and descendants through females ...
In reaction, most twentieth-century social anthropologists considered the theory of matrilineal priority untenable, [1] [2] though feminist scholars of the 1970s-1980s (particularly socialist and radical feminists) attempted to revive it with limited success. [3]